What is machine code? (Makine Kodu Nedir?)

YKS Hazırlık ve Soru Çözümleri
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Question 1
What is machine code?

○ A medium-level programming language consisting of the assembly code designed for the computer processor
○ A low-level programming language consisting of binary digits/bits that the computer reads and understands
○ A low-level programming language consisting of hexadecimal digits that make up high-level language instruc
○ A high-level programming language consisting of instruction lists that humans can read and understand

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The question in the image is:

“What is machine code?”

Options (paraphrased from the image):

A. A medium‑level programming language consisting of assembly code designed for the computer processor
B. A low‑level programming language consisting of binary digits/bits that the computer reads and understands
C. A low‑level programming language consisting of hexadecimal digits that make up high‑level language instructions
D. A high‑level programming language consisting of instruction lists that humans can read and understand

Correct answer: B

Machine code is the binary (0s and 1s) instruction set that the CPU directly executes. It is the lowest‑level representation of a program and is not meant to be read comfortably by humans.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A: Assembly is not machine code; it’s a slightly more human‑readable symbolic representation that needs to be assembled into machine code.
  • C: Machine code is fundamentally binary. We sometimes represent it in hexadecimal for convenience, but saying it “consists of hexadecimal digits” is misleading, and the phrase “that make up high‑level language instructions” is incorrect; high‑level code is compiled down to machine code, not the other way around.
  • D: High‑level languages (like Python, Java, C#) are human‑readable, but they are not machine code; they must be compiled or interpreted into machine code before the CPU can execute them.

TERMS

  • Assembly language: Symbolic, low‑level language that maps closely to machine instructions.
  • Binary: Base‑2 representation using only 0 and 1; actual form of machine code understood by hardware.
  • High‑level language: Programming language designed to be easily read and written by humans (e.g., Python, Java).